Body Scientific Aesthetics
Hormonal & Life-Stage Skin Changes
Hormones are powerful chemical messengers that shape our skin from adolescence through menopause. Surges and declines in estrogen, progesterone and androgens influence oil production, hydration and collagen levels. Understanding how these shifts affect the skin helps us tailor routines throughout life.
Puberty
During puberty, rising androgen levels trigger sebaceous glands to produce more oil. This often leads to clogged pores, blackheads and acne. Many teens also experience increased sensitivity and inflammation. Gentle cleansing, oil-free moisturizers and non-comedogenic sunscreen are essential; targeted ingredients like salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide help keep pores clear.
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is characterized by sharp increases in estrogen and progesterone. Some women notice a “glow” from increased blood flow, but hormonal surges can also cause:
- Melasma and Hyperpigmentation – Dark patches may appear on the face and neck due to heightened melanin production. Wearing broad-spectrum SPF daily and using vitamin C or azelaic acid can minimize discoloration.
- Oiliness or Dryness – Fluctuations in sebum and water retention can make skin unpredictable. Hydrating, gentle formulations and avoiding harsh actives help balance the barrier.
- Increased Vascularity – Spider veins and redness may become more pronounced. Products with niacinamide or green tea extract can soothe irritation.
Since some active ingredients (like prescription retinoids) are contraindicated in pregnancy, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider before starting new products.
Perimenopause and Menopause
Perimenopause (often in the mid-40s) and menopause involve a steep drop in estrogen and progesterone. This hormonal shift triggers several skin changes:
- Dryness and Thinning – The decline in estrogen reduces hyaluronic acid and ceramides, weakening the skin barrier. Water evaporates more easily, leading to dryness and itchiness.
- Loss of Firmness – Collagen and elastin production slow, causing skin to feel less firm and wrinkles to deepen.
- Sun Sensitivity and Pigmentation – Reduced lipids in the barrier make skin more susceptible to UV damage and discoloration.
- Adult Acne and Facial Hair – Relative increases in androgens can trigger breakouts and facial hair growth.
Key Ingredients
| Ingredient | Description |
|---|---|
| Peptides | Encourage collagen production, helping to firm and plump thin or aging skin. |
| Vitamin C | A potent antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals, reduces hyperpigmentation and supports collagen synthesis. |
| Retinoids | Increase cell turnover, refine texture and boost collagen. Teens may use lower-strength retinoids for acne; adults benefit from them for fine lines. |
| Hyaluronic Acid & Glycerin | Humectants that attract water and help dry skin retain moisture. |
| Ceramides & Squalene | Lipids that reinforce the skin barrier, essential when natural ceramide levels fall. |
Conclusion
Hormones shape our skin from adolescence to post-menopause, influencing oil production, collagen levels and barrier function. By recognizing how puberty, pregnancy and menopause affect the skin, we can adapt routines to support each phase. Encourage clients to combine targeted ingredients—peptides, vitamin C, retinoids, humectants and ceramides—with healthy lifestyle habits and, when appropriate, professional treatments. This holistic approach ensures resilient, glowing skin at every stage of life.
